From the history of Porechye
Among the ancient spruce and pine forests, Porechye arose. There are two versions of the origin of the name of the village.
The first version - the name originated from the geographical location of the village. The toponymic works explain the origin of the name "Porechye" as an area "by the river, along the river, along the rivers." In "Pzewodniku ilustrowanym po wojawodzwie Bialostockim", the dictionary of Efron and Brockhaus, it is said that lakes Zarubinetskoe, Beloe, Molochnoe and Lot are connected with each other and the rivers Pyra and Rodnichanka by natural and artificial canals. It was noticed that due to the location of Porechye near water sources, the population had access to the Neman from two sides: the Pyryanka river flows into the Kotra, and the river flows into the Neman, and Rodnichanka connected Porechye with the Druskeniki, where it also flows into the Neman.
The second version of the origin of the name was heard from the old residents. They believe that it appeared during the construction of the St. Petersburg-Warsaw railway. The sections along which the rails were laid were densely overgrown with bushes of wild red river - hence the name of the village.
Railway station
Since 1862 railway communication begins in Belarus, and the first Belarusian section of the St. Petersburg-Warsaw road was laid from Porechye to Grodno (32 versts).
The decision on the construction was made by the decree of the Emperor of January 31, 1852: "By the order of the Imperial Emperor, the construction of the St. Petersburg-Warsaw railway is to begin in the coming year." The cost of the guarantee was 85 million rubles in silver.
And on December 15 (27), 1862. regular railway service began.
At the Porechye station, the construction of a railway station, a locomotive depot, a turning unit, and warehouses begins. A huge second-class station is being built (even in the provincial Grodno, the station was only of the third class) according to the project of Nayakovsky. For a long time the station was called "Druskeniki", and it was under this name that it was often mentioned in documents and on maps. The construction of the station was completed by 1867.
Church
The history of the Orthodox Church in Porechye dates back to the middle of the 19th century. In 1843. the old wooden temple burned down. In 1846. the provincial authorities decided to rebuild it (appendix). A forest was allocated for the construction of the church. Control over the construction was entrusted to the Slonim district chief. But in the 1860s. the construction of the church was never started, since Porechye was in the area of activity of the Grodno revolutionary organization of K. Kalinovsky during the uprising of 1863-1864. in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. The authorities were more concerned with suppressing the uprising than with building a church. And only in 1896-1897. fundraising began among the parishioners for the construction of a new church. In 1900. the construction of the church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was completed. By its typology, it belongs to the parish church. Its capacity was 300 people. A rectangular in plan horizontally elongated building under a hip roof, in the center of which a four-sided log house is built on, a tetrahedral hipped-roof belfry rises from the side of the main facade. The only symbols of the church's cult affiliation are the onion-like heads on round drums, the tiered construction of the apse, the main frame and the belfry, which gives grounds to attribute the architecture of the church to the Neo-Russian style. Inside the church, a transverse nave and a narrow babinets were highlighted, on the sides of which there were classes of the parish school
Today the temple in Porechye is on the State List of Historical and Cultural Values of the Republic of Belarus. He was assigned category 3 (historical and cultural values of regional significance)
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”
Church
In 1902. the peasants of the town of Porechye petitioned for the construction of a Catholic chapel. They managed to find a petition “from the loyal subjects of authorized peasants of the settlement of Porechye for permission to build a chapel with a specific priest and the formation of such a parish” addressed to Nicholas II.
The Ministry of the Interior gave its consent and a project was drawn up for the building. The grand opening of the chapel with its consecration took place, which was attended by the abbots of the Franciscan chapel in Grodno. Ozersk, Marcinkon churches with the invitation of the Vilna bishop Ellert.
However, they soon decided to build a branch church instead of the chapel. September 19, 1905 a building permit was obtained, and in 1906. it was built. Since May 1912. until December 1913. The Minister of Internal Affairs considered the issue of expanding the branch church in Porechie, which was allowed to be carried out by priest Shimel Aleksandrovich Radzishevsky. And the way we see it today, the church became in 1914. The date of foundation of the church is considered to be January 1904. - these are the numbers that survived on the stone foundation of the building.
In the Poreč church, the architectural appearance is expressed by an original silhouette composition: the central volume with a pentahedral apse is crossed by a transverse transept. All log cabins are covered with a different-sized hip roof, over which there are five four-sided hipped-roof heads on low columns. In the plastic of the ceiling, the versatility of the wings of the transept, the influence of the Baroque is felt, in the lancet form of the windows and spire-shaped towers - the influence of the Gothic, the altars are made in the neo-baroque style.
The church in Porechye is on the State List of Historical and Cultural Values of the Republic of Belarus. It was assigned the 3rd category (historical and cultural values of regional significance).
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”
School
Since 1889 in Porechye there was a public school. But in connection with the growth of the population, wealthy peasants submitted a petition to the Governor-General of Grodno to allocate funds for the construction of an elementary school at the Porechye station. This happened in 1897.
And so on May 12, 1899. The Grodno Provincial Administrative Committee, having considered the petition, made the following decision: “Proceeding from the most sincere motivation to perpetuate the memory of the unforgettable poet among the people and taking into account that ... to celebrate the centenary of Pushkin's birth and perpetuate his memory, there may be a school opening ..., the administrative committee determines: ... to release ... 2,000 rubles for the construction of a school near the Porechye station so that the school is called "Pushkinskaya". The Ministry of Transport allocated funds for the construction of the school, 500 rubles - the Orthodox Church in Porechye. An additional collection of funds was carried out from the population: Jews, for example, had to pay additional taxes.
The construction of the school began in 1902/1903. and was fully completed by 1907/1908. The primary school was a one-story wooden building that housed 3 classrooms, a teacher's room and a kitchen.
In 1914. in Porechye and surrounding villages there were about 80 children at school age. In addition, a Jewish school for 50 students could be accommodated in the school building (since the Jewish school itself was closed in 1914). The school was taught in Polish. Lessons in Russian and Hebrew were conducted at will. Education in the Belarusian language was not conducted.
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”
Establishment of Soviet power
In 1917. a new page in the history of Porechye begins. The October Revolution influenced the upsurge of the revolutionary movement in the Grodno region. In the end of 1918. - n.1919. a communist cell operated in Porechye, which maintained contact with the Grodno underground committee of the RCP (b). From there, underground newspapers “Nabat” (in Russian) and “Na barykady” (in Polish) were delivered to Porech'e. In Porechye the Soviets were formed even earlier than the Grodno City Council. This is evidenced by the greeting of the representative of the Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Deputies of Porechye and Druskenik, Comrade Pavlovsky A.M. Grodno Soviet of Workers' Deputies from January 26, 1919.
At the end of April 1919. German troops left the Grodno district. They were replaced by Polish troops (during the Soviet-Polish war of 1919-1920) After the liberation of the Grodno district from the Polish invaders in July 1920. Soviet power was restored. Immediately a revolutionary committee was created in Porechye. Local residents Vladislav Kurlovich (chairman), Pyotr Kurlovich and Ippolit Kisel were elected to it. However, the Soviet power did not last long in the county, following the results of the Riga Peace Treaty of 1921. the lands of Western Belarus (including Porechie) became part of the Polish state.
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”
Porechye in 1921-1939
In 1921. the town became the center of the gmina of the Grodno district of the Bialystok voivodeship. It included Porechye itself, as well as the villages of Podbeloe, Khomuty, Dertnitsa, Beloe, Goduny, Zagrobelka, Gumnishche, Ozerki, Likhachi, Losevo, Staraya Ruda, Preseltsy, Porechye, Salatye, Sobolyany, Rybnitsa, Verkhdubye, Zapurie, Krasnoe. In different years Zygmund Leiewicz and Felix Surowiec were the gmina voitas. There was a police station on the territory of the commune, in which 5 police officers served. There was also a small military garrison under the command of Captain Mikulsky. Court cases against the residents of the commune were considered in the court in Druskeninkai. The representatives of the local authorities in the villages of the gmina were soltys and podsoltys, who were elected for 3 years.
If at the beginning of the XX century. Porechye was a small settlement, then in the early 1930s. there were 202 houses and 1,098 people lived here. Until the end of the 1930s. active housing construction continued. Merchants, artisans, and railway workers settled in the new houses. By September 1939. in Porechye there were about 30 private shops and shops: 2 bakeries (Ivanovsky), a tea house (Anna Kisel), three butchers (Ranetsky, Mayevsky, Trotsky), a Tsukerman store, a shop selling fabrics, a pub, two pharmacies (Kalinsky and Zernetsky ), Shelnovich sawmill, smithy. There were 2 baths and a hairdresser's.
The bazaar was buzzing in the center, and it was Wednesday trading day. There was also a parking lot for cars and buses. However, the center of the town, as before, remained the railway and the railway station. Every day 10-12 passenger and freight trains passed through the station.
The station building, damaged during the First World War, was restored, the pumping station was repaired. A railway club was located nearby, where amateur performances were often staged, concerts and dance evenings were arranged.
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”